{"id":662,"date":"2026-03-09T08:56:35","date_gmt":"2026-03-09T08:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/?p=662"},"modified":"2026-05-03T08:34:43","modified_gmt":"2026-05-03T08:34:43","slug":"legitimate-expectations-south-korea-administrative-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/legitimate-expectations-south-korea-administrative-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Legitimate Expectations in South Korea: 5 Requirements"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- ATLAS_HREFLANG_START --><link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"ko\" href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/kr-blog\/%ed%96%89%ec%a0%95%ec%b2%ad-%ec%8b%a0%eb%a2%b0%eb%b3%b4%ed%98%b8%ec%9b%90%ec%b9%99-%ec%9a%94%ea%b1%b4\/\" \/><link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"en\" href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/legitimate-expectations-south-korea-administrative-law\/\" \/><link rel=\"alternate\" hreflang=\"x-default\" href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/kr-blog\/%ed%96%89%ec%a0%95%ec%b2%ad-%ec%8b%a0%eb%a2%b0%eb%b3%b4%ed%98%b8%ec%9b%90%ec%b9%99-%ec%9a%94%ea%b1%b4\/\" \/><!-- ATLAS_HREFLANG_END --><br \/>\n<!--\n============================================================\nAtlas Legal Blog HTML (2026 v5 Standard)\nTopic: Principle of Protection of Legitimate Expectations\n        under South Korean Administrative Law \u2014 5 Requirements\nAuthor: Kim Taejin, Managing Partner\nDate: 2026-03-09\n============================================================\n--><\/p>\n<p><!-- ===== Article Schema ===== --><br \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"Article\", \"headline\": \"When a Government Official's Assurance Costs You Millions: Legitimate Expectations under South Korean Administrative Law\", \"description\": \"Acted on an assurance from a South Korean government agency, only to face an adverse decision later? Learn the 5 legal requirements for the principle of protection of legitimate expectations and how to challenge such decisions.\", \"author\": {\"@type\": \"Person\", \"name\": \"Kim Taejin\", \"jobTitle\": \"Representative Attorney\", \"worksFor\": {\"@type\": \"LegalService\", \"name\": \"Atlas Legal\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\", \"address\": {\"@type\": \"PostalAddress\", \"addressLocality\": \"Incheon\", \"addressRegion\": \"Songdo\"}}}, \"publisher\": {\"@type\": \"Organization\", \"name\": \"Atlas Legal\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\", \"@id\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/#legalservice\"}, \"datePublished\": \"2026-03-09\", \"dateModified\": \"2026-03-09\", \"mainEntityOfPage\": {\"@type\": \"WebPage\"}, \"@id\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/legitimate-expectations-south-korea-administrative-law#article\"}<\/script><\/p>\n<p><!-- ===== FAQ Schema ===== --><br \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is the principle of protection of legitimate expectations under South Korean administrative law?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It is a foundational principle of South Korean administrative law requiring government agencies to protect the legitimate interests of individuals who relied on an official representation or consistent administrative practice. Derived from the rule-of-law principle, it operates alongside the doctrines of good faith and estoppel.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What are the 5 requirements for the principle of legitimate expectations to apply in South Korea?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Under Supreme Court precedent, all five of the following must be satisfied: (1) an official representation by a government agency; (2) justifiable reliance by the individual with no attributable fault; (3) an act taken in reliance on that representation; (4) actual harm to the reliance interest caused by a contrary administrative decision; and (5) no serious risk of harm to the public interest or a third party's legitimate interest.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does a verbal statement by a public official count as an 'official representation' in South Korea?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not necessarily, but it can. South Korean courts do not require a formal written notice or decision. Instead, they look at the official's position and duties, the circumstances under which the statement was made, and whether reliance on it was reasonable. See Supreme Court Decision 96Nu18380 (September 12, 1997).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happens if the individual was at fault in inducing the government's representation?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The principle will not apply. Attributable fault includes obtaining the representation through misrepresentation, concealment of material facts, or other improper conduct, as well as cases where the individual knew or should have known (through gross negligence) of the defect in the representation. See Supreme Court Decision 2001Du1512 (November 8, 2002).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can a compelling public interest override an individual's legitimate expectations in South Korea?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The principle is not absolute. Where protecting the reliance interest would seriously harm the public interest or a third party's legitimate interest, protection may be denied. Courts engage in a proportionality analysis, weighing the nature and extent of the individual's reliance interest against the magnitude of the public interest at stake.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can I challenge an adverse administrative decision in South Korea on the basis of legitimate expectations?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. A violation of the legitimate expectations principle may be invoked as grounds for revocation in administrative litigation. The filing deadline is 90 days from the date the adverse decision became known, or 1 year from the date of the disposition, whichever comes first. Meeting all five requirements and preserving evidence of the original representation are critical.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Are administrative plans protected under the legitimate expectations principle in South Korea?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Generally, administrative plans are not treated as official representations for purposes of this principle. However, the Supreme Court has recognized that, where the plan contains sufficiently specific and individualized content on which a particular person reasonably relied, the principle may still apply.\"}}], \"@id\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/legitimate-expectations-south-korea-administrative-law#faq\"}<\/script><\/p>\n<p><!-- ===== LocalBusiness Schema ===== --><br \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n    \"@type\": \"LocalBusiness\",\n    \"name\": \"Atlas Legal (\ubc95\ubb34\ubc95\uc778 \uc544\ud2c0\ub77c\uc2a4)\",\n    \"image\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/logo.png\",\n    \"url\": \"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\",\n    \"telephone\": \"+82-32-864-8300\",\n    \"address\": {\n        \"@type\": \"PostalAddress\",\n        \"streetAddress\": \"323 Incheon Tower-daero, Tower B, Suite 2901, Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu\",\n        \"addressLocality\": \"Incheon\",\n        \"addressRegion\": \"\uc778\ucc9c\uad11\uc5ed\uc2dc \uc5f0\uc218\uad6c\",\n 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*:first-child {\n        margin-top: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .entry-content {\n        margin-top: 0 !important;\n    }\n    .kb-row-container, .kb-column-container {\n        margin: 0;\n        padding: 0;\n    }\n<\/style>\n<p><!-- ===== Body Content ===== --><\/p>\n<div class=\"content-container\">\n<p>    <!-- Table of Contents --><\/p>\n<div class=\"toc\" style=\"padding: 15px; border-radius: 0; margin-bottom: 20px; background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<h2 style=\"font-size: 20px; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 10px;\">Table of Contents<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0;\">\n<li><a href=\"#section1\">1. What Are the 5 Requirements? \u2014 Overview<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section2\">2. Requirement 1: What Counts as an Official Representation?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section3\">3. Requirements 2 &amp; 3: Justifiable Reliance and Action Taken<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section4\">4. Requirements 4 &amp; 5: Harm to Reliance Interest and Balancing the Public Interest<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section5\">5. How Can You Challenge an Adverse Decision in South Korea?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#section6\">6. FAQ<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div>\n<p>    <!-- Story Hook (50\u201380 words) --><\/p>\n<div class=\"story-hook\" style=\"padding: 15px 20px; margin-bottom: 15px; border-radius: 0; background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<p><strong>Hypothetical scenario:<\/strong> A company receives verbal confirmation from a municipal official in South Korea that a planned construction project complies with current zoning regulations. Hundreds of millions of Korean won are committed to site preparation and contractor agreements. Months later, the agency refuses to grant the building permit. &#8220;The official told us it was fine \u2014 who is responsible for our losses?&#8221; This is precisely the situation where the principle of protection of legitimate expectations becomes relevant.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <!-- Direct Answer (40\u201360 words) --><\/p>\n<div class=\"direct-answer\" style=\"padding: 15px; border-radius: 0; margin-bottom: 20px; font-weight: 500; background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n        <strong>Direct Answer:<\/strong> Under South Korean administrative law, the principle of protection of legitimate expectations allows individuals harmed by a government decision that contradicts an earlier official representation to seek legal relief. The Supreme Court requires all five of the following: an official representation, justifiable reliance, reliance-based action, actual harm, and no serious risk to the public interest.\n    <\/div>\n<p>    <!-- Story Development (100\u2013150 words) --><\/p>\n<div class=\"story-detail\" style=\"padding: 20px; border-radius: 0; margin: 20px 0; background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<h3>The Legal Question: When Does a Government Official&#8217;s Word Bind the Agency?<\/h3>\n<p class=\"disclaimer\">&#8251; The above scenario is a hypothetical constructed for illustrative purposes only. It does not represent any specific case or client matter.<\/p>\n<p>Suppose the company in this scenario preserved a recording of the official&#8217;s verbal confirmation. The agency&#8217;s response: &#8220;That was one official&#8217;s personal opinion \u2014 it was not a formal position of this office.&#8221; The central legal issue is whether the official&#8217;s statement qualifies as an <em>official representation<\/em> (\uacf5\uc801 \uacac\ud574\ud45c\uba85) binding on the agency. South Korean courts do not resolve this question by looking at formal authority charts alone. The substantive reality of the situation \u2014 the official&#8217;s role, the context of the statement, and the reasonableness of reliance \u2014 governs the analysis. Understanding each of the five requirements is the starting point for assessing whether relief is available.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <!-- Section 1: Overview of 5 Requirements --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section1\">1. What Are the 5 Requirements? \u2014 Overview<\/h2>\n<p>The principle of protection of legitimate expectations (\uc2e0\ub8b0\ubcf4\ud638\uc6d0\uce59) is a foundational principle of South Korean administrative law. Where an individual suffers harm because a government agency acts contrary to an official representation it previously made, that individual&#8217;s reliance interest must be protected \u2014 provided the public interest does not clearly outweigh it.<\/p>\n<h3>Statutory Basis<\/h3>\n<p>The principle is rooted in the rule-of-law doctrine and operates alongside the good faith and estoppel doctrines familiar in private law. It is also codified in South Korean positive law: Article 4(2) of the Administrative Procedures Act (\ud589\uc815\uc808\ucc28\ubc95) provides that where an agency&#8217;s interpretation of law or an administrative practice has been generally accepted by the public, the agency may not retroactively apply a new interpretation or practice to the detriment of individuals, except where doing so is necessary to avoid serious harm to the public interest or a third party&#8217;s legitimate interest.<\/p>\n<h3>The Five Requirements at a Glance<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Requirement<\/th>\n<th>Substance<\/th>\n<th>Key Analytical Criterion<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(1) Official representation<\/td>\n<td>The agency expressed a position on which the individual could rely<\/td>\n<td>Substance over form<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(2) Justifiable reliance, no attributable fault<\/td>\n<td>The individual reasonably trusted the representation<\/td>\n<td>Absence of misconduct or gross negligence<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(3) Act taken in reliance<\/td>\n<td>The individual took a concrete, external action based on the representation<\/td>\n<td>Investment, contract, or other overt act<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(4) Harm to reliance interest<\/td>\n<td>A contrary decision caused actual damage<\/td>\n<td>Causal link to the adverse decision<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>(5) No serious harm to public interest<\/td>\n<td>Protecting the individual does not substantially override the public interest<\/td>\n<td>Proportionality balancing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>    <!-- Section 2: Official Representation --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section2\">2. Requirement 1: What Counts as an Official Representation?<\/h2>\n<p>The threshold issue in almost every legitimate expectations case in South Korea is whether an official representation actually existed. The Supreme Court has consistently held that courts must not be constrained by the formal allocation of authority within an administrative organization. Instead, the inquiry is substantive: the official&#8217;s actual role and duties, the specific circumstances in which the statement was made, and whether it was reasonable for the recipient to treat it as binding.<\/p>\n<h3>Form, Source, and Substance<\/h3>\n<p>As to form, an official representation need not be a formal administrative decision. It may take the form of legislation, administrative rules, a formal permit or denial, an official assurance, administrative guidance, or even a consistent course of conduct \u2014 whether expressed explicitly or implied by inaction. As to source, while the representation must originate from a government agency, the courts assess this functionally rather than organizationally. As to substance, the representation must be sufficiently specific and unambiguous to serve as a proper object of reliance; vague, general, or conditional statements will not qualify.<\/p>\n<p>By contrast, informal responses to routine public inquiries, abstract statements of opinion, and unofficial remarks by staff members acting outside their assigned duties will generally not meet this threshold.<\/p>\n<h3>Supreme Court Decisions Recognizing an Official Representation<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Supreme Court Decision 96Nu18380 (September 12, 1997)<\/strong> \u2014 A municipal official stated during the permit review process that construction of a religious facility on land within an urban planning zone would be permissible under applicable regulations. The Supreme Court held that this constituted an official representation that a land-use change permit could be granted.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Supreme Court Decision 2008Du6127 (October 9, 2008)<\/strong> \u2014 After a public announcement approving a urban facilities project, the head of the city&#8217;s urban planning division and other officials promised the owners of land incorporated into the project site that they would be able to repurchase the land upon project completion. The Supreme Court held that this promise constituted an official representation by the agency.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Supreme Court Decision 95Nu13746 (January 23, 1996)<\/strong> \u2014 The Minister of Health and Social Affairs publicly announced a tax exemption for a hospital to be established in a medically underserved area, and the Minister of Home Affairs confirmed the exemption. The Supreme Court held that this amounted to an official representation by the relevant tax authorities.<\/p>\n<p>With respect to administrative plans specifically, the Supreme Court&#8217;s general position is that they do not constitute official representations for purposes of this principle. However, where a plan contains sufficiently concrete and individualized content on which a particular person demonstrably relied, the principle may still be engaged.<\/p>\n<p>    <!-- Section 3: Reliance and Action --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section3\">3. Requirements 2 &amp; 3: Justifiable Reliance and Action Taken<\/h2>\n<p>Even where an official representation is established, two further requirements must be satisfied before the principle applies: the individual&#8217;s reliance must have been justifiable (Requirement 2), and the individual must have taken some concrete action on the basis of that reliance (Requirement 3).<\/p>\n<h3>Requirement 2: What Constitutes Attributable Fault?<\/h3>\n<p>The Supreme Court defined attributable fault in Decision 2001Du1512 (November 8, 2002) as follows: fault exists where the defect in the agency&#8217;s representation was caused by the counterparty&#8217;s concealment of material facts, misrepresentation, or other improper conduct; or, absent such conduct, where the individual knew of the defect or failed to discover it through gross negligence.<\/p>\n<p>In practical terms, attributable fault arises in two main situations. First, where the individual obtained the representation through active deception \u2014 submitting false documents, withholding material information, or otherwise manipulating the agency into making the representation. Second, where, without any deception on the individual&#8217;s part, the representation was nonetheless defective and the individual was aware of this or could have identified it through the exercise of ordinary diligence. Where neither condition applies and the individual had a genuine, reasonable basis for trusting the representation, attributable fault will generally be absent.<\/p>\n<h3>Requirement 3: What Qualifies as Action Taken in Reliance?<\/h3>\n<p>The existence of a representation, standing alone, is insufficient. The individual must have taken a concrete, externally observable action predicated on that representation. Qualifying acts include financial investment or commercial transactions, steps taken to acquire a licence, qualification, or registered status, and specific preparatory or planning activities undertaken in connection with a business or project. A causal link \u2014 analogous to the requirement of proximate causation \u2014 must connect the reliance-based act to the loss ultimately suffered. The rationale is that the principle protects concrete reliance interests, not mere expectations or hopes.<\/p>\n<p>    <!-- Section 4: Harm and Public Interest Balancing --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section4\">4. Requirements 4 &amp; 5: Harm to Reliance Interest and Balancing the Public Interest<\/h2>\n<p>The fourth requirement is that the agency&#8217;s contrary decision must have caused actual harm to the individual&#8217;s reliance interest. The fifth is that protecting that interest must not seriously harm the public interest or a third party&#8217;s legitimate interest.<\/p>\n<h3>Requirement 4: Types of Cognizable Harm<\/h3>\n<p>Harm to the reliance interest typically manifests in one of three ways: financial loss (sunk investment costs, lost profits); loss of legal status (revocation of a licence, permit, or registration; restriction of rights); or disruption of a plan or project (forced termination of a business venture, rescission of contracts). The harm must be causally attributable to the agency&#8217;s contrary decision \u2014 it must be harm that would not have occurred had the individual not relied on the representation in the first place.<\/p>\n<h3>Requirement 5: How Is the Public Interest Balancing Conducted?<\/h3>\n<p>The principle of legitimate expectations is not absolute under South Korean law. &#8220;Public interest&#8221; encompasses the achievement of legitimate administrative objectives, compliance with law, and the maintenance of public order. &#8220;A third party&#8217;s legitimate interest&#8221; refers to the rights and interests of other members of the public affected by the decision in question.<\/p>\n<p>The standard of &#8220;seriously harm&#8221; sets a high bar: it is not enough that some public interest is implicated. The harm must be sufficiently grave and manifest as to clearly outweigh the individual&#8217;s reliance interest. Courts engage in a case-by-case proportionality analysis, examining the nature and extent of the reliance interest on one side and the nature and extent of the public interest at stake on the other. Protection will be recognized only where the former outweighs the latter.<\/p>\n<p>    <!-- Section 5: Challenging the Decision --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section5\">5. How Can You Challenge an Adverse Decision in South Korea?<\/h2>\n<p>Where a violation of the legitimate expectations principle is established, the individual may invoke it as grounds for revocation in administrative litigation proceedings before South Korean courts. Because all five requirements must be met, a careful analysis of the facts is an essential first step.<\/p>\n<h3>Key Evidence to Preserve<\/h3>\n<p>In practice, the most important \u2014 and often most contested \u2014 element is proving that an official representation was made. Every available piece of evidence should be preserved: recordings, text messages, emails, meeting minutes, official inquiry-response letters from the agency. Equally important is documenting the acts taken in reliance: cost estimates, contracts, construction records, accounting materials, and any other evidence demonstrating that concrete steps were taken based on the representation.<\/p>\n<p>A violation of the legitimate expectations principle may be invoked as grounds for revocation in administrative litigation. The filing deadline is 90 days from the date the adverse decision became known, or 1 year from the date of the disposition, whichever comes first. Meeting all five requirements and preserving evidence of the original representation are critical.<\/p>\n<h3>Self-Assessment Checklist<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\n<th>Question<\/th>\n<th>Yes<\/th>\n<th>No<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Did the agency make a specific, concrete representation?<\/td>\n<td>Principle may apply<\/td>\n<td>Generally, principle does not apply<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Was reliance on the representation reasonable?<\/td>\n<td>Requirement potentially met<\/td>\n<td>Attributable fault analysis needed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Was a concrete act (investment, contract, etc.) taken in reliance?<\/td>\n<td>Requirement met<\/td>\n<td>Requirement not met<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Did the contrary decision cause actual harm?<\/td>\n<td>Requirement met<\/td>\n<td>Requirement not met<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Does protecting the reliance interest avoid serious harm to the public interest?<\/td>\n<td>Protection may be recognized<\/td>\n<td>Protection may be denied<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<p>    <!-- FAQ --><br \/>\n    <\/p>\n<h2 id=\"section6\">6. FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq-section\" style=\"padding: 20px; border-radius: 0; margin: 30px 0; background-color: #f5f5f5;\">\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q1. What is the principle of protection of legitimate expectations under South Korean administrative law?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. It is a foundational principle of South Korean administrative law requiring government agencies to protect the legitimate interests of individuals who relied on an official representation or consistent administrative practice. Derived from the rule-of-law principle, it operates alongside the doctrines of good faith and estoppel.<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q2. What are the 5 requirements for the principle of legitimate expectations to apply in South Korea?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. Under Supreme Court precedent, all five of the following must be satisfied: (1) an official representation by a government agency; (2) justifiable reliance by the individual with no attributable fault; (3) an act taken in reliance on that representation; (4) actual harm to the reliance interest caused by a contrary administrative decision; and (5) no serious risk of harm to the public interest or a third party&#8217;s legitimate interest.<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q3. Does a verbal statement by a public official count as an &#8220;official representation&#8221; in South Korea?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. Not necessarily, but it can. South Korean courts do not require a formal written notice or decision. Instead, they look at the official&#8217;s position and duties, the circumstances under which the statement was made, and whether reliance on it was reasonable. See Supreme Court Decision 96Nu18380 (September 12, 1997).<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q4. What happens if the individual was at fault in inducing the government&#8217;s representation?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. The principle will not apply. Attributable fault includes obtaining the representation through misrepresentation, concealment of material facts, or other improper conduct, as well as cases where the individual knew or should have known (through gross negligence) of the defect in the representation. See Supreme Court Decision 2001Du1512 (November 8, 2002).<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q5. Can a compelling public interest override an individual&#8217;s legitimate expectations in South Korea?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. Yes. The principle is not absolute. Where protecting the reliance interest would seriously harm the public interest or a third party&#8217;s legitimate interest, protection may be denied. Courts engage in a proportionality analysis, weighing the nature and extent of the individual&#8217;s reliance interest against the magnitude of the public interest at stake.<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q6. Can I challenge an adverse administrative decision in South Korea on the basis of legitimate expectations?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. Yes. A violation of the legitimate expectations principle may be invoked as grounds for revocation in administrative litigation. The filing deadline is 90 days from the date the adverse decision became known, or 1 year from the date of the disposition, whichever comes first. Meeting all five requirements and preserving evidence of the original representation are critical.<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">Q7. Are administrative plans protected under the legitimate expectations principle in South Korea?<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer\">A. Generally, administrative plans are not treated as official representations for purposes of this principle. However, the Supreme Court has recognized that, where the plan contains sufficiently specific and individualized content on which a particular person reasonably relied, the principle may still apply.<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <!-- Experience Statement --><\/p>\n<p>Administrative disputes involving legitimate expectations turn heavily on the facts \u2014 particularly on what evidence of the original representation exists and how clearly the reliance-based acts can be documented. Our team has handled a range of administrative litigation and advisory matters involving government representations and adverse decisions, and we bring that accumulated experience to bear in assessing each client&#8217;s situation individually. Atlas Legal advises both Korean and international clients on administrative law matters from our office in Songdo, Incheon.<\/p>\n<p class=\"disclaimer\" style=\"margin: 20px 0;\">&#8251; This article is provided for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The applicable law and outcome will depend on the specific facts of each case. Please consult a qualified attorney before taking any action.<\/p>\n<p>    <!-- Author Box --><\/p>\n<div class=\"author-box\" style=\"background-color: #f8f9fa; padding: 20px; border-radius: 0; margin-top: 30px; border-left: 2px solid #722f37;\">\n<h3>About the Author<\/h3>\n<div class=\"author-name\">Kim Taejin | Managing Partner<\/div>\n<div class=\"author-info\">Corporate advisory, corporate disputes, and corporate criminal defense<\/div>\n<div class=\"author-info\">Former prosecutor | Judicial Research and Training Institute, Class 33<\/div>\n<div class=\"author-info\">LL.B. &amp; LL.M. in Criminal Law, Korea University; LL.M., University of California, Davis School of Law<\/div>\n<div class=\"author-info\">Atlas Legal (\ubc95\ubb34\ubc95\uc778 \uc544\ud2c0\ub77c\uc2a4) | Songdo, Incheon, South Korea<\/div>\n<p>        <a href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Visit Atlas Legal<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents 1. What Are the 5 Requirements? \u2014 Overview 2. Requirement 1: What Counts as an Official Representation? 3. Requirements 2 &amp; 3: Justifiable Reliance and Action Taken 4. Requirements 4 &amp; 5: Harm to Reliance Interest and Balancing the Public Interest 5. How Can You Challenge an Adverse Decision in South Korea?&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"default","_kad_post_title":"default","_kad_post_layout":"default","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"default","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"default","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17,218,15],"tags":[509,257,507,506,508],"class_list":["post-662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-civil","category-corporate-counseling","category-corporate","tag-administrative-litigation-korea","tag-atlas-legal","tag-korean-administrative-law","tag-legitimate-expectations-south-korea","tag-official-representation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Legitimate Expectations in South Korea: 5 Requirements | Atlas Legal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Acted on a South Korean government official&#039;s assurance and suffered harm? 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