{"id":1995,"date":"2026-04-22T09:42:48","date_gmt":"2026-04-22T00:42:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/multimodal-transport-sea-carrier-liability-2025da211111-news\/"},"modified":"2026-09-02T18:58:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T18:58:38","slug":"multimodal-transport-sea-carrier-liability-2025da211111-news","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/multimodal-transport-sea-carrier-liability-2025da211111-news\/","title":{"rendered":"Multimodal Transport Sea Carrier Liability Commentary"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px\">Atlas Legal has published a detailed case commentary on Supreme Court Decision 2025Da211111, rendered on November 13, 2025. The decision establishes a significant new boundary for the application of Article 797 of the Korean Commercial Act, which limits the liability of sea carriers, and is expected to materially affect multimodal transport practice.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Case Background<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">The Supreme Court reviewed a case in which precision cargo bound for the United States was damaged after the carrier set the reefer container temperature to minus 18 degrees Celsius rather than the requested plus 18 degrees. The lower court had applied the Article 797 liability cap, limiting damages to approximately KRW 11 million, but the Supreme Court reversed and remanded the case.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Narrowing the Scope of Liability Limitation<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">The Supreme Court held that the Article 797 liability limitation applies only where loss, damage, or delay occurs during the maritime leg or in a stage so closely connected to maritime carriage that it is effectively part of it. The ruling reflects the legislative purpose of protecting carriers from risks unique to ocean transport, and excludes purely inland transport segments from the cap.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Pre-Carriage Container Provision<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">The Supreme Court rejected the argument that the sea carrier&#8217;s provision of a container before inland transport constituted receipt or custody of the cargo as a sea carrier. The court further found that erroneous temperature settings on a container during the inland leg do not represent a risk inherent to maritime carriage, and therefore fall outside the protective scope of Article 797.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Identifying the Damage Segment in Multimodal Transport<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Under Article 816(2) of the Commercial Act, where the segment in which the damage occurred cannot be determined, the law applicable to the longest leg of carriage governs liability. The decision confirms, however, that when the damage segment is clearly identified as inland transport, sea carriers cannot invoke maritime liability limitations even if they participated in the broader multimodal arrangement.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Practical Implications<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">The ruling forecloses sea carriers from invoking Article 797 limitations for losses arising in the inland transport segment, which can change exposure by more than sixtyfold compared to the capped figure. Shippers, freight forwarders, and carriers should reassess segment-by-segment liability allocation in transport contracts and review the scope of cargo and liability insurance accordingly.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\"><strong>Atlas Legal&#8217;s Expertise<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"whitespace-normal break-words\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px\">Atlas Legal is based in Songdo, Incheon, with direct access to Incheon International Airport and Incheon Port, and regularly advises on cross-border logistics, multimodal transport, and maritime disputes arising from this trade hub. The firm provides comprehensive legal services across international trade, transportation law, and related commercial litigation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/kr-blog\/%eb%b3%b5%ed%95%a9%ec%9a%b4%ec%86%a1-%ed%95%b4%ec%83%81%ec%9a%b4%ec%86%a1%ec%9d%b8-%ec%b1%85%ec%9e%84%ec%a0%9c%ed%95%9c-2025%eb%8b%a4211111\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Read the full case commentary<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Atlas Legal has published a detailed case commentary on Supreme Court Decision 2025Da211111, rendered on November 13, 2025. The decision establishes a significant new boundary for the application of Article 797 of the Korean Commercial Act, which limits the liability of sea carriers, and is expected to materially affect multimodal transport practice. Case Background The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[952],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1995","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-case-results"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Multimodal Transport Sea Carrier Liability Commentary - Atlas Legal Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atlaw.kr\/en-blog\/multimodal-transport-sea-carrier-liability-2025da211111-news\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Multimodal Transport Sea Carrier Liability Commentary - Atlas Legal Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Atlas Legal has published a detailed case commentary on Supreme Court Decision 2025Da211111, rendered on November 13, 2025. 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